Process of making gas.



H. BURGI.

PROCESS OF MAKING GAS.

APPLIUATION FILED AUG. 26, 1913.-

LQQQB Patented May 5, 1914.

entree s ir HERMAN EURGE, or srmmorrnr-n, MASSACHUSETTS.

riaeosss or MAKING Gas.

1 ,oessoo.

Specification of Letters Patent.

iatented May 5, 1914.

Application filed August 26', 1913. Serial Ho. 788,781.

'1' (AZ? wlwmit may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMAN Boner, residing at Springfield, Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improve u-ients in Processes of Making Gas, of which the following is a specification.

Thi invention relates to improvements in processes for making illuminating gas, and has reference more particularly to What is known as a continuous process wherein coal an externally heated vertical retort and mores downwardly through the retort to the lower end thereof Where the residue withdrawn in the form of coke.

to the continuous processes now in commercial use, the gas is Withdrawn from the top of: the retort, and as a result some of the hyi..-r'ecarlions distilled from the coal are not subjected to sufficient heat to permanently fix them, and trouble is experienced at late stagesin the process on accountof these hydrmrarbons condensing and dropping out.

By my improved process, I Withdraw all of the gases at a point intermediate the ends of the retort, Where the temperature is proper for pm'nianently fixing all of the constituents. with the result thattho gas produced oi a much more stable and uniform nature, comaining more illumi-nants and heat units than is possible Where gas is taken from the top the retort.

i; a?! aware that it has been proposed hereto separately withdraw the gases or! duoed in the lower and upper parts of the rctm-t and later mix these gases, out this pr"; has not proved a commercial suchccause the gas produced is not uniform in character. In my process the g: pro-- duced in the upper and lower par of the retortare mingled at the proper zone or level and the strong affinity of the leaner I gases. produced in the lower part of the retortfor the richer gases causes the product to he uniform and the heatto which the gases are subjected permanently fixes the hydrocarbons Without producing free car hon or lamp black.

I have further improved the process by supplying enriching oils to the coal in the zone which is suitable for cracking up and fixing these oils, this zone corresponding suhstantiallvwith that from which the gases are Withdrawn. The oils are ccnducted through a pipe which is arranged in the mass (if coal and extends downwardlt from through the heated ing the take-oil pipe. continuously fed into the'upper end of j construction.

ually heated as they descend and being readilycracked ,up when they are introduced 'nto the coal or coke. The ends of these oil 'upply pipes are so fixed that they terminate in the zone covered by the take-oli' line but on the opposite side, or removed from the tal e-oli line, so that the broken up oil passes coal or coke before enter- In the accompanying drawing, which is a paratus, 1;, the latter being of any suitable The lower ends of the retorts are provided with any suitable mechanism, 1-3, for withd r-iwing the coke produced. The retorts are surrounded by flame passages, 14, which are supplied from the flue, 15,-Wl1i0h receives froniya producer, 16, the latter.

being of any suitable type. These flues, 15, feed into the flame passages, 14, around the retorts through openings and are'con-trolled in the usual way by dampers or Battle bricks by means of which the heat is kept constant within. certain limits at all points around the retorts, and by which it is possible to maintain the desired ten'iperature in the zone before referred to, Where the gas is taken from the retort and where the oils are disintegrated or cracked up and fixed in the At an intermediate pointin the retort 10, is arranged an exit pipe 17, for the gases produced in the retort, this pipe communicating; with the retort; at. a point Where the temper ture is proper for fixing the gases produced in the upper part of the retort without. causing these gases to be burned, and thereby produce free carbon or lamp black. sta'ntially the same level as the pipe, 17, and establishes communication between the retorts, 10 and ti. so that the gases produced in the retort.- ll. may also 'be Withdrawn through the pipe 17, if desired: It will be understood, ofcourse, that a separate exit pipe may be provided for each retort, if prefcrred.

the illum nating power of the gas produced, I provide a pipe 19, which extends downwardly on the interior of one of the rctorts A pipe, 18, may be arranged at subfrom the {up thereof, to 11 point whom the tompmmiuro is p opoi' li'i'ar cracking; up and,

pei'nmiion'tly ill i j illo gases derived rom the enriching oils. This point will usually be substantially in ills region or zone of line exit pipe 1. lulu .roi'mavocl from or on l? g opposite side 0. the lQtOil} from. the ouif zil pipe. The pipe l0 l5 preio fabi 3210113951, as lllfllCillLGCl at iii, in onlor to gmiont it troll being burnoo. oil". The pipo QKiZQIKlS through {no coal and oils are tied fillllHJ 1 ppar mil thereof by any suitable n'iean. (not and as the oils pass through tho p po 'l v i v are gradually floated, and when finally you dil y ll lp ec ll of tho apparatus, om izlxo coal in ilk} mpg l g g 1nmlu "=;ml in {no lower p rt of ho rotort and, #FillljQUlG-(l to the host in the region of 110 exit il ie 1?, which is l'xcd a; some point on the i'otoi't where it is possi lo to maintain u icllll'ltl'illlliti just; light fo por-- Il111lClli'-l \f.. w llio gases \vitliou'i p rfu free carbon or ism black. 'lho pi 1S introducing enriching oils may be (l a with llCI'IZ oithe gas {.u'o ll'worl Z rcon tho coal lms tho n'iquisito illmniimting powoi, As iwllcaiod tho outer pmrtion of the mow ing bodv oi :il in the rotori'. 15; ii distilled and nn '0 l1 il f lieutod than illii oonfizal POIlllOl'l oi mzlilvl' and tho gases which are clerivoil. from. the menu-ail armor :no couipolled to pass through the mm o highly heat- (rCl coal, in. Ul'lllfl' to reach Lliv oxib pipe 1'1", and since lilo ilili'oiont loveis or zones of silo rotoi'ii are, :nminminml at Varying temperatui'r-s ilw giiFQs .1 ii' puss into lo 03;. ups

v propoi' om liyfirocurhoxtis into oom-om 1?, until illQ}! Have passool tluough the zone '*l yrs 'llio ton'lpwmtur maintained is bosi;

.o for fixing illuminants, light oils,

nto the i .L sing thus fully clesonbed my iiwerzdzion 1i] l clmm iSI--- 1 Tim herein described continuous prooass of making: gas which consisis in continuously passing coal in a solid body down win-ally through in Qmally liestecl VEz-Il-i 'i'olzorl; wherein lime volalile matters gmmlzmliy distilled. oil and coke producol and. wherein the iomporavturos at the i'liilerom; levels zones tlizougiiout tho vertical column maintained and so remix-toil as v produce tho desired temperature, bring o gr-iisos proclucocl in all parts of the 3.8- togollior and \Yli'llLlTllWlDg them how an ii'itermoilizilzo zone Wl'iere tho temperatures is suits lo for fixing the hydrocarbons Without producing lamp black.

E2, The herein. doscribecl continuous prov ass of making gas which consists in oontim1- pus coal in a, solid borly (lOWIlilllGflQll an exlornally lfioatoil VBIlLlcol rotoyi; in llio volstilo monitors are gradually cl iliorl Gill and coke prodlnoocl, l wherein the xomporatm'es at the difiorlovels or zones throughout the vezcticol Olllllll'). are nminlainoil and so i'ogulatod as o produce lllG desired. temperature, passing lilniblo enriching hydrocarbons clowmvardly i' u'ougli the mass of coal from the top of tho rat-tort to llio zone where the tempelature is ing lho hydrocarbons the coal, and bringing Elle gases proclnood in all parts of the IQtOlTl} iGgG'llkjl in the zone where tho Enriching h KTlYOC-HlbO lS introduced and withdrawing the 0 from llllli; some.

in l; imony afioiooi? 1 {till my in prosonco of two witnossss.

HERMAN B'Usoi.

signature SHEEHAN,

for cracking up and permanently firs and there mtroducmg 

